JAMA Netw Open:种族中性方程助力黑人患者精准诊断肺部疾病

17小时前 刘少飞 MedSci原创 发表于陕西省

这项研究强调了采用种族中性肺功能参考方程对黑人患者进行肺功能评估的重要性,表明在不考虑种族差异的情况下,能够更清晰地揭示肺部病变,避免因种族调整系数带来的偏差。

背景: 在肺功能测试中使用种族调整系数已成为近年来的讨论热点。最近,全球肺功能倡议(GLI)发布了种族中性参考方程(GLI Global),它为不考虑种族背景的肺功能评估提供了新的标准。然而,GLI Global与传统的基于种族的参考方程(GLI 2012)在临床应用中的差异,特别是在肺功能轨迹上的影响尚未得到充分评估。

研究目的: 本研究的目标是比较GLI 2012与GLI Global参考方程在评估肺功能轨迹方面的影响,重点分析两种参考方程对患者肺功能变化的再分类效果,特别是在不同种族群体中的差异。

研究设计与方法: 这项队列研究在麻省总医院进行,分析了1997年1月1日至2020年12月31日期间,年龄在18至95岁之间并完成肺功能检测的患者数据。数据分析工作于2023年1月至2024年11月之间进行。研究团队使用GLI Global和GLI 2012两种参考方程分别计算强制呼气量(FEV1)和强制肺活量(FVC)的z分数,进而评估不同患者群体的肺功能轨迹。

主要结果: 共有24,662名患者参与了本次研究,其中包括988名黑人患者(4.0%)和22,297名白人患者(90.4%)。平均年龄为57.6岁(标准差为15.7岁),其中13,108名为女性(53.2%)。在黑人患者中,190名患者的FEV1或FVC从正常重新分类为异常,这些患者使用GLI Global参考方程后,表现出FEV1的下降(-2.06%),与那些在GLI 2012和GLI Global方程下均被分类为异常的患者(-1.89%)的下降幅度相似。在白人患者中,3348名患者的FEV1或FVC从异常重新分类为正常,这些患者的FEV1下降幅度(-1.82%)与正常肺功能的患者(-1.97%)无显著差异,不论使用哪种参考方程。

研究结论与意义: 本研究发现,使用种族中性参考方程GLI Global重新分类为异常的黑人患者,其FEV1下降幅度与那些在GLI 2012和GLI Global方程下均被分类为异常的患者相似。这一发现表明,种族中性的肺功能解读方式可能为黑人患者提供更准确的肺部病变识别,尤其在避免过度依赖种族调整系数的情况下,有助于更准确地诊断肺部疾病的进展。

总结: 这项研究强调了采用种族中性肺功能参考方程对黑人患者进行肺功能评估的重要性,表明在不考虑种族差异的情况下,能够更清晰地揭示肺部病变,避免因种族调整系数带来的偏差。这一发现为今后在不同人群中应用肺功能测试提供了新的视角,具有重要的临床意义。

参考文献:

Vyas DA, Zhao S, Lai PS, Rodriguez-Lopez J, Schmidt EP, Brown R, Hibbert KA, Hardin CC, North CM. Lung Function Trajectory Using Race-Specific vs Race-Neutral Global Lung Function Initiative Coefficients. JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Apr 1;8(4):e257304. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.7304. PMID: 40279124; PMCID: PMC12032560.

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    9小时前 135672_1610 来自山东省
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    16小时前 刘桂林 来自辽宁省
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    17小时前 ms4000001513304915 来自广东省
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    17小时前 ms4000001513304915 来自广东省
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    17小时前 梅斯管理员 来自陕西省

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研究揭示了成骨不全症患者肺功能变化的独特模式,提示未来研究应关注胶原缺陷对肺实质的具体影响,并探索如何通过干预措施改善这些患者的肺健康。

读书报告|有无咳痰机辅助的腹部重量训练对长期机械通气患者肺功能的影响:一项随机对照试验

PMV的患者因膈肌无力有无效咳嗽和感染的风险。本研究旨在探讨AWT加/不加CM辅助对这些患者肺功能、呼吸肌力和咳嗽能力的影响。

BMC Pediatrics:轻度早发性特发性脊柱侧凸对患儿肺功能与运动能力的影响

轻度早发性特发性脊柱侧凸(EOIS)患者早期就会出现轻度的肺功能和运动能力受限。运动能力受肺功能影响,且与脊柱侧凸的严重程度呈负相关。

PRR:杜氏进行性肌营养不良患儿不同体位的肺功能及其与睡眠低通气的关系

DMD患儿肺功能测量的体位变化明显大于健康对照组。然而,肺功能测定时适度的体位变化与睡眠低通气无关。

Diabetes Care:周爱芬团队揭示妊娠期糖尿病与后代儿童期肺功能的关系

母亲高血糖与儿童肺功能呈负相关,特别是在女孩中更为显著。未来的研究需要进一步阐明这一关联的潜在机制,并探索有效的干预措施。

Heart Lung:我国学者发表——基于有氧运动的肺康复对儿童哮喘患者的肺功能和生活质量的改善作用

基于有氧运动的肺康复显著改善了儿童哮喘患者的FVC、FEF25-75和生活质量,显示出其作为非药物干预措施的潜力。

Arthritis Res Ther:尼达尼布长期治疗系统性硬化症相关间质性肺病的疗效与肺功能下降轨迹分析

尼达尼布可显著延缓SSc-ILD患者的肺功能下降,且疗效在长期治疗中持续存在。

肺功能指标

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