Clin Kidney J:临床评估肥胖人群肾功能时,需警惕eGFRcrea可能高估、eGFRcys低估真实GFR

2025-05-18 liangying MedSci原创 发表于上海

肥胖对基于胱抑素C的eGFR(eGFRcys)存在因果负效应(BMI/WC每升高1 SD,eGFRcys降低3.1%~3.8%),而肌酐法(eGFRcrea)因肌肉代谢干扰呈现虚假正相关。

肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。目前估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)的两种主要方法——基于血清肌酐(creatinine)和胱抑素C(cystatin C)的公式,可能因身体成分差异(如肌肉量、脂肪分布)导致结果偏倚。例如,肌酐水平受肌肉代谢影响,而胱抑素C与脂肪组织关系密切,这可能在肥胖人群中混淆eGFR的真实值。本研究通过横断面观察、磁共振成像(MRI)体素分析及孟德尔随机化(Mendelian randomization)三种方法,旨在明确肥胖对eGFR的因果效应,并揭示不同估算方法的结果差异,为肥胖相关肾损伤的评估提供新证据。

本研究整合三项分析:① ​​横断面研究​​纳入瑞典POEM队列502名50岁受试者,测量BMI、腰围(WC)及eGFR(creatinine-based eGFRcrea与cystatin C-based eGFRcys),通过线性回归分析肥胖指标与eGFR的关联,调整性别、教育水平等混杂因素;② ​​MRI体素分析​​对326名受试者进行全身扫描,利用Imiomics技术将人体划分为200万个体素,非参数回归分析局部组织体积(如脂肪、肌肉)与eGFR的相关性,结果以色阶图可视化;③ ​​孟德尔随机化​​基于大规模GWAS汇总数据(BMI/WC作为暴露,eGFRcrea/eGFRcys作为结局),筛选72个BMI相关和40个WC相关SNP作为工具变量,采用逆方差加权(IVW)、MR-Egger和加权中位数法验证因果效应,并通过PhenoScanner排除多效性SNP。三方法相互验证,全面解析肥胖与eGFR的因果关联及机制。

研究结果​​

1.横断面与MRI分析:eGFR估算方法显著影响肥胖关联方向​​

· eGFRcys与肥胖负相关:BMI每增加1 kg/m²,eGFRcys降低0.190(95% CI: -0.280~-0.100);WC每增1 cm,eGFRcys降低0.160(-0.250~-0.060)。

· eGFRcrea与肥胖正相关:BMI与eGFRcrea的β值为0.120(0.030~0.210),WC为0.160(0.070~0.260)。

· MRI体素图显示:内脏与皮下脂肪体积与eGFRcys呈冷色调(负相关,r=-0.15~-0.25),而与eGFRcrea呈暖色调(正相关,r=0.12~0.18);肌肉体积仅女性中与eGFRcrea负相关(r=-0.10)。

2.孟德尔随机化证实肥胖对eGFRcys的因果负效应​​

· BMI每升高1 SD:eGFRcys降低0.031(-0.037~-0.026,P<0.001),但对eGFRcrea无显著影响(β=0.002,-0.001~0.005)。

· WC每升高1 SD:eGFRcys降低0.038(-0.045~-0.031),敏感性分析(加权中位数、MR-Egger)结果一致。

· 多效性检验显示MR-Egger截距无偏倚(BMI: P=0.12;WC: P=0.56),支持因果推断稳健性。

3.临床意义与矛盾点​​

· 肥胖人群eGFR估算偏差:基于肌酐的公式可能因肌肉量高估肾功能(eGFRcrea虚高),而胱抑素C因脂肪蓄积低估eGFRcys,导致CKD漏诊风险。

· 超滤现象与体表面积校正:肥胖者常伴肾超滤(hyperfiltration),eGFR体表面积校正可能掩盖实际肾损伤,需结合直接GFR测量。

肥胖对肾功能估算的因果影响研究设计及主要研究结果

本研究首次通过多方法联合验证,揭示肥胖对基于胱抑素C的eGFR(eGFRcys)存在因果负效应(BMI/WC每升高1 SD,eGFRcys降低3.1%~3.8%),而肌酐法(eGFRcrea)因肌肉代谢干扰呈现虚假正相关。MRI体素分析进一步证实脂肪分布与eGFRcys负相关,凸显不同估算方法的身体成分偏倚。这一发现提示:临床评估肥胖人群肾功能时,需警惕eGFRcrea可能高估、eGFRcys低估真实GFR,建议联合使用或开发基于多生物标志物的新公式。未来研究需结合直接GFR测量及纵向数据,优化肥胖相关肾损伤的早期诊断策略。

原始出处:

Ene P, Svensson MK, Strand R, Kullberg J, Ahlström H, Larsson A, Lind L. Causal effects of obesity on estimated glomerular filtration rate: a Mendelian randomization and image data analysis study. Clin Kidney J. 2025 Apr 25;18(5):sfaf116. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfaf116. PMID: 40357501; PMCID: PMC12067075.

评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265651, encodeId=316c22656513a, content=肥胖与肾小球滤过率负相关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1b6c1974111, createdName=huaguang, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:39:46 CST 2025, time=21小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=辽宁省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265648, encodeId=c60122656488f, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:13:16 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265643, encodeId=73d72265643e3, content=肥胖相关肾损伤的评估提供新证据。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cb026286625, createdName=135672_1610, createdTime=Mon May 19 05:24:21 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265622, encodeId=782b226562252, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a1646442901, createdName=ms4000001513304915, createdTime=Sun May 18 21:54:54 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265614, encodeId=e5e1226561496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46c682469e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾功能#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=60cb12e013c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖人群#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=6, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=127013, encryptionId=60cb12e013c5, topicName=肥胖人群), TopicDto(id=82469, encryptionId=46c682469e4, topicName=肾功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Sun May 18 20:29:10 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]
    21小时前 huaguang 来自辽宁省

    肥胖与肾小球滤过率负相关

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265651, encodeId=316c22656513a, content=肥胖与肾小球滤过率负相关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1b6c1974111, createdName=huaguang, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:39:46 CST 2025, time=21小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=辽宁省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265648, encodeId=c60122656488f, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:13:16 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265643, encodeId=73d72265643e3, content=肥胖相关肾损伤的评估提供新证据。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cb026286625, createdName=135672_1610, createdTime=Mon May 19 05:24:21 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265622, encodeId=782b226562252, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a1646442901, createdName=ms4000001513304915, createdTime=Sun May 18 21:54:54 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265614, encodeId=e5e1226561496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46c682469e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾功能#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=60cb12e013c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖人群#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=6, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=127013, encryptionId=60cb12e013c5, topicName=肥胖人群), TopicDto(id=82469, encryptionId=46c682469e4, topicName=肾功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Sun May 18 20:29:10 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]
    22小时前 Mongolian 来自内蒙古

    肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265651, encodeId=316c22656513a, content=肥胖与肾小球滤过率负相关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1b6c1974111, createdName=huaguang, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:39:46 CST 2025, time=21小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=辽宁省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265648, encodeId=c60122656488f, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:13:16 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265643, encodeId=73d72265643e3, content=肥胖相关肾损伤的评估提供新证据。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cb026286625, createdName=135672_1610, createdTime=Mon May 19 05:24:21 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265622, encodeId=782b226562252, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a1646442901, createdName=ms4000001513304915, createdTime=Sun May 18 21:54:54 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265614, encodeId=e5e1226561496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46c682469e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾功能#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=60cb12e013c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖人群#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=6, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=127013, encryptionId=60cb12e013c5, topicName=肥胖人群), TopicDto(id=82469, encryptionId=46c682469e4, topicName=肾功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Sun May 18 20:29:10 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]
    22小时前 135672_1610 来自山东省

    肥胖相关肾损伤的评估提供新证据。

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265651, encodeId=316c22656513a, content=肥胖与肾小球滤过率负相关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1b6c1974111, createdName=huaguang, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:39:46 CST 2025, time=21小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=辽宁省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265648, encodeId=c60122656488f, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:13:16 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265643, encodeId=73d72265643e3, content=肥胖相关肾损伤的评估提供新证据。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cb026286625, createdName=135672_1610, createdTime=Mon May 19 05:24:21 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265622, encodeId=782b226562252, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a1646442901, createdName=ms4000001513304915, createdTime=Sun May 18 21:54:54 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265614, encodeId=e5e1226561496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46c682469e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾功能#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=60cb12e013c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖人群#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=6, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=127013, encryptionId=60cb12e013c5, topicName=肥胖人群), TopicDto(id=82469, encryptionId=46c682469e4, topicName=肾功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Sun May 18 20:29:10 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]
    2025-05-18 ms4000001513304915 来自广东省

    肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265651, encodeId=316c22656513a, content=肥胖与肾小球滤过率负相关, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1b6c1974111, createdName=huaguang, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:39:46 CST 2025, time=21小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=辽宁省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265648, encodeId=c60122656488f, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210925/20274508595745adb221d4af84f71a30/44cac845ab1e4a3a81ff3fe6373b97b0.jpg, createdBy=2a601767050, createdName=Mongolian, createdTime=Mon May 19 06:13:16 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=内蒙古), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265643, encodeId=73d72265643e3, content=肥胖相关肾损伤的评估提供新证据。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cb026286625, createdName=135672_1610, createdTime=Mon May 19 05:24:21 CST 2025, time=22小时前, status=1, ipAttribution=山东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265622, encodeId=782b226562252, content=肥胖与慢性肾病(CKD)的发病及进展密切相关,但其因果关联尚存争议。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=2, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a1646442901, createdName=ms4000001513304915, createdTime=Sun May 18 21:54:54 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2265614, encodeId=e5e1226561496, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46c682469e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾功能#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=60cb12e013c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肥胖人群#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=6, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=127013, encryptionId=60cb12e013c5, topicName=肥胖人群), TopicDto(id=82469, encryptionId=46c682469e4, topicName=肾功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Sun May 18 20:29:10 CST 2025, time=2025-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]
    2025-05-18 梅斯管理员 来自上海

相关资讯

Radiology:自动CT测量肾总容积如何预测肾功能的下降?

有研究发现,CT 扫描观察到的肾脏体积与 eGFR 之间存在显著相关性,这凸显了肾脏体积作为预测、诊断和评估慢性肾脏病的有价值成像标志物的重要性。

Eur Urol Oncol:包括单肾患者在内的原发性肾细胞癌立体定向消融体放射治疗后的长期肾功能预后如何?

伦敦健康科学中心、澳大利亚墨尔本大学等机构的研究人员立体定向消融放射治疗(SABR)即使在包括单肾患者在内的局部肾细胞癌患者中能产生平缓的长期肾功能下降和较低的透析率。

CKJ:三联药物(ETI)治疗对成年囊性纤维化患者肾功能、容量状态及尿路结石风险因素的影响

ETI对成年囊性纤维化患者的短期肾功能无显著影响,且该药物似乎能够通过恢复汗腺中CFTR的功能来纠正因汗液过度丢失引发的继发性醛固酮增多症。

Eur Urol Oncol:大型多中心系列研究中立体定向体部放射治疗原发性肾细胞癌的结果

本研究纳入了大量接受SBRT治疗的原发性RCC患者,结果显示其局部控制效果优异,肾功能得以保留,且毒性反应可接受。尽管总生存期(OS)低于一些已发表的研究,这可能是由于患者年龄和合并症所致。

Nat Med:达格列净在心力衰竭患者中的肾功能保护作用

通过使用层次复合肾脏终点和胜算统计方法,本研究表明达格列净能够显著改善心力衰竭患者的肾功能,无论患者的基线肾功能状态和是否患有2型糖尿病。

Kidney Int Rep:长期β-胡萝卜素补充是否能在中老年男性医生群体中降低CKD的发生风险?

研究没有发现长期补充BC在预防中老年男性医生中的CKD方面有任何显著的益处。

Sci Rep:大手术后人血白蛋白给药对术后肾功能的影响

在大手术中使用白蛋白对肾功能无显著影响,也未显示出优于晶体液的明确优势。

J Am Geriatr Soc:他汀类药物的使用与老年人群(无论基线是否患CKD)的肾功能变化无显著关联

Statin治疗(包括rosuvastatin)与老年人群(无论基线是否患CKD)的肾功能变化无显著关联,既未改善eGFR或UACR,也未增加新发CKD风险。

World J Urol:中国学者揭示经皮肾镜取石术后行超选择性肾动脉栓塞术对肾功能的长期影响

SRAE是治疗PCNL后严重出血的有效方法,且对长期肾功能无不良影响。值得注意的是,BMI>24.0 kg/m²和肾皮质萎缩是SRAE患者长期WRF的显著预测因素。