BMC Med.:中国学者证实重度抑郁症患者的笔迹表现出特征性改变

13小时前 Sienna Dai MedSci原创 发表于上海

本研究表明抑郁症患者的笔迹会表现出特征性改变,并提出了一种经济高效、快速有效的识别抑郁症的模型。这一发现进一步揭示了抑郁症的客观指标,并为未来开发多模态识别模型奠定了坚实的基础。

过去十年来,全球重度抑郁症(major depressive disorder,MDD)患者人数已超过3亿,并呈上升趋势。我国MDD的发病率高于全球平均水平,导致青少年自杀事件频发。在临床实践中,MDD具有显著的异质性。导致诊断延迟或不足的一个重要因素是缺乏公认的MDD客观评估标准。因此,多项研究开始探讨客观生物标志物在青少年抑郁症诊断中的有效性。然而,元分析表明,这些候选生物标志物的临床预测价值有限。除量表评分和生物标志物外,近年来研究的重点还包括声音、心率变异性和面部表情等客观指标。

已观察到身体活动与MDD之间存在显著相关性。近年来多项发现表明,抑郁症患者在手写活动中可能表现出不同的手写模式。与健康人群相比,抑郁症患者在手写速度、力度和字体大小方面可能存在差异。然而,以往的研究主要集中在中年或老年人群,样本量小(n < 50),且缺乏全面的手写特征。本研究旨在确定青少年抑郁症患者的手写特征是否存在明显改变,并基于手写特征开发一种快速、经济有效且准确的抑郁症识别模型。

共130名患者和117名健康对照者完成了21项与心理相关的手写任务。电子手写板记录了多项笔迹特征,包括水平和垂直坐标、笔尖压力和速度以及倾斜角度。计算了每项笔迹特征的统计指标。采用统计学分析(包括差异分析)来识别抑郁症的预测因素。此外,还构建了逻辑回归和机器学习模型来区分重度抑郁症(MDD)。

本研究纳入的130例初发抑郁症患者平均年龄为20.42岁,117例健康对照者平均年龄为20.54岁。t检验和逻辑回归分析结果显示,抑郁症患者的书写压力下限、书写速度中位数和笔尖抖动幅度较大。LightGBM机器学习模型表现出良好的性能,交叉验证的受试者工作曲线下面积(ROC)平均值为0.90(标准差0.01)。方差分析显示,负面问答任务模型的性能优于中性和正面任务模型。

图1:ANOVA分析结果

回顾多项任务中,逻辑回归分析表明,MDD个体在手写时表现出更多的不稳定性。关于手写压力,各种任务的多变量逻辑回归结果表明,压力最小值是MDD的预测因子,且患者组中观察到的值更大,这表明MDD患者的手写压力水平升高。关于手写速度,各种任务的多变量逻辑回归结果表明,速度中位数是MDD的预测因子,患者组的中位手写速度比对照组更快。

综上所述,本研究表明抑郁症患者的笔迹会表现出特征性改变,并提出了一种经济高效、快速有效的识别抑郁症的模型。这一发现进一步揭示了抑郁症的客观指标,并为未来开发多模态识别模型奠定了坚实的基础。

原始出处:

Li C, Zhang K, Lin Q, Huang S, Cheng W, Lei Y, Zhao X, Zhao J. Major depressive disorder recognition based on electronic handwriting recorded in psychological tasks. BMC Med. 2025 May 13;23(1):282. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-04101-2. PMID: 40361104; PMCID: PMC12077001.

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[AttachmentFileName(sort=1, fileName=s12916-025-04101-2.pdf)] GetArticleByIdResponse(id=7a4a8e7818cc, projectId=1, sourceId=null, title=BMC Med.:中国学者证实重度抑郁症患者的笔迹表现出特征性改变, articleFrom=MedSci原创, journalId=7333, copyright=原创, creationTypeList=[1], summary=本研究表明抑郁症患者的笔迹会表现出特征性改变,并提出了一种经济高效、快速有效的识别抑郁症的模型。这一发现进一步揭示了抑郁症的客观指标,并为未来开发多模态识别模型奠定了坚实的基础。, cover=https://img.medsci.cn/20250516/1747385934308_92910.png, authorId=0, author=Sienna Dai, originalUrl=, linkOutUrl=, content=<p>过去十年来,全球重度<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/topic/show?id=91cf549e3f1">抑郁症</a>(major depressive disorder,MDD)患者人数已超过3亿,并呈上升趋势。我国MDD的发病率高于全球平均水平,导致青少年自杀事件频发。在临床实践中,MDD具有显著的异质性。导致<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/guideline/list.do?q=%E8%AF%8A%E6%96%AD">诊断</a>延迟或不足的一个重要因素是缺乏公认的MDD客观评估标准。因此,多项研究开始探讨客观生物标志物在青少年抑郁症诊断中的有效性。然而,元分析表明,这些候选生物标志物的临床预测价值有限。除量表评分和生物标志物外,近年来研究的重点还包括声音、心率变异性和面部表情等客观指标。</p> <p>已观察到身体活动与MDD之间存在显著相关性。近年来多项发现表明,抑郁症患者在手写活动中可能表现出不同的手写模式。与健康人群相比,抑郁症患者在手写速度、力度和字体大小方面可能存在差异。然而,以往的研究主要集中在中年或老年人群,样本量小(n&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;50),且缺乏全面的手写特征。本研究旨在确定青少年抑郁症患者的手写特征是否存在明显改变,并基于手写特征开发一种快速、经济有效且准确的抑郁症识别模型。</p> <p><img src="https://img.medsci.cn/20250516/1747384661321_6466957.png" /></p> <p>共130名患者和117名健康对照者完成了21项与心理相关的手写任务。电子手写板记录了多项笔迹特征,包括水平和垂直坐标、笔尖压力和速度以及倾斜角度。计算了每项笔迹特征的<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/search?q=%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1">统计</a>指标。采用统计学分析(包括差异分析)来识别抑郁症的预测因素。此外,还构建了逻辑回归和机器学习模型来区分重度抑郁症(MDD)。</p> <p>本研究纳入的130例初发抑郁症患者平均年龄为20.42岁,117例健康对照者平均年龄为20.54岁。t检验和逻辑回归分析结果显示,抑郁症患者的书写压力下限、书写速度中位数和笔尖抖动幅度较大。LightGBM机器学习模型表现出良好的性能,交叉验证的受试者工作曲线下面积(ROC)平均值为0.90(标准差0.01)。方差分析显示,负面问答任务模型的性能优于中性和正面任务模型。</p> <p><img src="https://img.medsci.cn/20250516/1747384661334_6466957.png" /></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12px; color: #808080;">图1:ANOVA分析结果</span></p> <p>回顾多项任务中,逻辑回归分析表明,MDD个体在手写时表现出更多的不稳定性。关于手写压力,各种任务的多变量逻辑回归结果表明,压力最小值是MDD的<a href="https://www.medsci.cn/topic/show?id=25dc1002255e">预测因子</a>,且患者组中观察到的值更大,这表明MDD患者的手写压力水平升高。关于手写速度,各种任务的多变量逻辑回归结果表明,速度中位数是MDD的预测因子,患者组的中位手写速度比对照组更快。</p> <p>综上所述,本研究表明抑郁症患者的笔迹会表现出特征性改变,并提出了一种经济高效、快速有效的识别抑郁症的模型。这一发现进一步揭示了抑郁症的客观指标,并为未来开发多模态识别模型奠定了坚实的基础。</p> <p><span style="font-size: 12px; color: #808080;">原始出处:</span></p> <p><span style="color: #808080; font-size: 12px;">Li C, Zhang K, Lin Q, Huang S, Cheng W, Lei Y, Zhao X, Zhao J. Major depressive disorder recognition based on electronic handwriting recorded in psychological tasks. BMC Med. 2025 May 13;23(1):282. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-04101-2. PMID: 40361104; PMCID: PMC12077001.</span></p>, belongTo=, tagList=[TagDto(tagId=16006, tagName=机器学习), TagDto(tagId=17281, tagName=重度抑郁症), TagDto(tagId=504552, tagName=笔迹), TagDto(tagId=504553, tagName=心理健康识别)], categoryList=[CategoryDto(categoryId=13, categoryName=精神心理, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=70, categoryName=中国学者, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=84, categoryName=研究进展, tenant=100), CategoryDto(categoryId=20656, categoryName=梅斯医学, tenant=100)], articleKeywordId=0, articleKeyword=, articleKeywordNum=6, guiderKeywordId=0, guiderKeyword=, guiderKeywordNum=6, opened=1, paymentType=1, paymentAmount=0, recommend=0, recommendEndTime=null, sticky=0, stickyEndTime=null, allHits=311, appHits=11, showAppHits=0, pcHits=18, showPcHits=300, likes=1, shares=7, comments=5, approvalStatus=1, publishedTime=Fri May 16 16:55:00 CST 2025, publishedTimeString=13小时前, pcVisible=1, appVisible=1, editorId=6556076, editor=精神心理新前沿, waterMark=0, formatted=0, deleted=0, version=3, createdBy=fa726466957, createdName=Sienna Dai , createdTime=Fri May 16 16:40:53 CST 2025, updatedBy=92910, updatedName=rayms, updatedTime=Fri May 16 16:59:06 CST 2025, ipAttribution=上海, attachmentFileNameList=[AttachmentFileName(sort=1, fileName=s12916-025-04101-2.pdf)], guideDownload=1, surveyId=null, surveyIdStr=null, surveyName=null, pushMsXiaoZhi=true)
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    9小时前 刘桂林 来自辽宁省
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