Nat Cardiovasc Res 张维绮/曲静/刘光慧/姚艳开发延缓心脏衰老的基因疗法

2025-05-01 论道心血管 论道心血管 发表于陕西省

该研究系统解析了人类心脏衰老过程中的表型和分子变化,并首次揭示了RNA结合蛋白ARID5A通过转录后调控MAVS mRNA的稳定性,激活NF-κB和TBK1信号通路,驱动心脏衰老和炎症的分子机制。

心脏衰老是导致老年人群心血管疾病高发的核心危险因素。根据世界卫生组织和全球健康研究数据,心血管疾病长期以来一直是人类健康的“头号杀手”。现有研究对心脏衰老的深层机制缺乏系统性认知,心脏衰老过程中分子调控网络的变化以及细胞间通讯的重塑等问题仍未被充分阐释,这也制约了针对性干预策略的开发。因此,系统解析心脏衰老的发生发展机制,为延缓心脏衰老提供新的治疗靶点和有效的干预手段,具有重要的临床意义。

2025年4月29日,国家生物信息中心张维绮团队联合中国科学院动物研究所曲静、刘光慧团队,首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院姚艳团队,在Nature Cardiovascular Research杂志在线发表了题为“ARID5A Orchestrates Cardiac Aging and Inflammation through MAVS mRNA Stabilization”的研究论文。该研究系统解析了人类心脏衰老过程中的表型和分子变化,并首次揭示了RNA结合蛋白ARID5A通过转录后调控MAVS mRNA的稳定性,激活NF-κB和TBK1信号通路,驱动心脏衰老和炎症的分子机制。此外,研究团队还开发了基于ARID5A的基因疗法,在体内实现了衰老心脏的“年轻化”。这一成果不仅为认识人类心脏衰老供了宝贵的资源,还提示ARID5A-MAVS轴有望成为延缓心脏衰老及治疗相关退行性疾病的潜在干预靶标。 

Nature Cardiovascular Research杂志同期配发了News & Views,对论文进行了亮点评述。

研究利用系统生物学发现,RNA结合蛋白ARID5A是衰老人类心脏炎症和纤维化的调节因子。抑制ARID5A可减少炎症和纤维化,改善老年小鼠的心脏功能。

在这项工作中,研究人员对年轻和老年样本的心脏组织进行系统生物学分析,并结合组织学验证,解析了一系列心脏衰老的特征,包括炎症水平增加和细胞衰老标志物如β-半乳糖苷酶活性、p21、p16增加,遗传和表观遗传不稳定增加等。衰老相关差异表达基因分析确定内皮细胞、成纤维细胞和心肌细胞是心脏衰老最为敏感的细胞类型。通过构建高维加权基因共表达网络,识别到ARID5A在上述细胞类型中的表达上调是与心脏衰老密切相关的事件

ARID5A是一种RNA结合蛋白,参与特定基因mRNA的稳定性调控过表达ARID5A加速人心肌细胞、心脏成纤维细胞和冠状动脉内皮细胞衰老;反之,敲低ARID5A的表达则延缓细胞衰老。聚焦ARID5A,研究人员利用PAR-CLIP-seq技术在基因转录组范围内搜索ARID5A的结合位点,鉴定出线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白MAVS为ARID5A的下游靶基因。ARID5A的过表达可以延长MAVS mRNA的半衰期,增加MAVS的转录水平和蛋白水平,继而激活下游的NF-κB和TBK1信号通路,放大炎症反应,最终加速细胞衰老

在此基础上,研究人员开发了ARID5A为靶点的基因疗法来延缓心脏衰老。通过向心肌内靶向注射慢病毒沉默ARID5A的表达,可以显著增强老年小鼠的抓力和运动能力、改善心脏收缩功能并降低老年小鼠心脏炎症表型。与此同时,敲低ARID5A还逆转了多种龄相关的衰老表型,包括β-半乳糖苷酶活性增加、衰老标志物p21增加、心脏纤维化等。

综上所述,该研究揭示了ARID5A-MAVS信号轴在调控人心脏衰老过程中的关键作用,发现ARID5A经由稳定MAVS mRNA,从而激活NF-κB和TBK1信号,这一启动心脏细胞衰老和炎症的关键机制(图1),并首次证明了基于ARID5A的基因疗法可改善心脏功能的治疗策略。该研究不仅解码了心脏衰老的新型分子开关,而且为靶向基因治疗来延缓心脏老化和预防增龄相关的心血管疾病提供了思路。 

图1. 人类心脏衰老的表型特征及ARID5A驱动心脏衰老和炎症的分子机制

该研究由中国科学院北京基因组研究所(国家生物信息中心)、中国科学院动物研究所、首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院等多家机构合作完成。国家生物信息中心张维绮研究员、中国科学院动物研究所曲静研究员、刘光慧研究员、首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院姚艳研究员为论文共同通讯作者。国家生物信息中心助理研究员范艳玲、中国科学院动物研究所博士研究生郑彦东、北京干细胞与再生医学研究所副研究员张译元、四川大学华西医院研究员徐岗和威斯康辛州密尔沃基市威斯康辛医学院心血管中心研究员刘纯为论文共同第一作者。

论文链接:

https://doi.org/10.1038/s44161-025-00635-z

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2263097, encodeId=5a96226309e0b, content=心脏衰老是导致老年人群心血管疾病高发的核心危险因素。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=13, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a1646442901, createdName=ms4000001513304915, createdTime=Thu May 01 22:29:26 CST 2025, time=2025-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=广东省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2263093, encodeId=44c422630930d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=86ab41e960f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#基因疗法#</a> <a href='/topic/show?id=ce7b516e258' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心脏衰老#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=14, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41796, encryptionId=86ab41e960f, topicName=基因疗法), TopicDto(id=51672, encryptionId=ce7b516e258, topicName=心脏衰老)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cade5395722, createdName=梅斯管理员, createdTime=Thu May 01 21:53:36 CST 2025, time=2025-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=陕西省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2263118, encodeId=15fa226311825, content=感谢您的分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=14, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/202403/dc7b735700e1458a81dbbd2418ed68be-WBVuUZqXzOAb.jpg, createdBy=c6d55463285, createdName=Dew·, createdTime=Fri May 02 00:09:44 CST 2025, time=2025-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=新疆), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2263158, encodeId=e79622631581c, content=心脏衰老是导致老年人群心血管疾病高发的核心危险因素。根据世界卫生组织和全球健康研究数据,心血管疾病长期以来一直是人类健康的“头号杀手, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=9, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=abb76152142, createdName=baiwenxiu_6586, createdTime=Fri May 02 09:22:47 CST 2025, time=2025-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=山西省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2263144, encodeId=bdb4226314465, content=延缓心脏衰老的基因疗法!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=11, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=20c53431821, createdName=13013f32m56暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri May 02 07:13:57 CST 2025, time=2025-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=河北省), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2263139, encodeId=aa0e226313936, content=好好学习天天向上, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=11, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20220814/be36b1918b4c4eeba48ae6c167571ce9/3bd4e17f256d4fdba54abc66bb0f616c.jpg, createdBy=a4042044999, createdName=jiangwei200908, createdTime=Fri May 02 06:55:54 CST 2025, time=2025-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=上海)]
    2025-05-01 ms4000001513304915 来自广东省

    心脏衰老是导致老年人群心血管疾病高发的核心危险因素。

    0

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    2025-05-01 梅斯管理员 来自陕西省
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    2025-05-02 Dew· 来自新疆

    感谢您的分享

    0

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    2025-05-02 baiwenxiu_6586 来自山西省

    心脏衰老是导致老年人群心血管疾病高发的核心危险因素。根据世界卫生组织和全球健康研究数据,心血管疾病长期以来一直是人类健康的“头号杀手

    0

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    2025-05-02 13013f32m56暂无昵称 来自河北省

    延缓心脏衰老的基因疗法!

    0

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    2025-05-02 jiangwei200908 来自上海

    好好学习天天向上

    0

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