Neurology:年纪轻轻就中风了?全球青年卒中发病率和病因存在差异

2022-02-15 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

中低收入国家和高收入国家之间在年轻成人中风病因及结果存在差异。

缺血性脑卒中,普遍认为是老龄化的疾病,但近年来,青年缺血性脑卒中的发病率呈逐渐升高的趋势。据世界卫生组织最近统计调查(WHO)显示,青年脑卒中的发病率为(48~240)/ 10 万。国内报道的青年脑卒中占所有卒中的 13.44%。青年患者缺血性脑卒中的病因复杂,危险因素多样化,甚至远多于老年人,常见的和可能原因与老年人也有明显差异。

不久前发表在Stroke杂志上的研究显示,接受血管血栓切除术的急性缺血性卒中患者中,有10%的人年龄小于50岁。心脏栓塞和颈动脉夹层是年轻患者常见的基本原因。三分之一的病例没有找到原因,表明需要对年轻患者的卒中原因进行更多研究。

为了推进对青年卒中原因和结果的民族和地区差异的了解,来自荷兰拉德布德大学医学中心神经学系的专家通过对全球不同队列的患者数据进行荟萃分析,研究年轻缺血性卒中患者的危险因素、病因和3个月死亡率的全球分布。结果发表在Neurology杂志上。

研究人员对包括18-50岁的连续缺血性卒中患者的队列研究中的单个患者数据进行了汇总分析。研究了不同民族和种族群体、地理区域和不同收入水平的国家之间缺血性卒中的危险因素和原因的流行率的差异。通过混合效应多变量Logistic回归研究了3个月死亡率的差异。

共纳入了来自29个国家的32个队列的17663名患者。高血压糖尿病在黑人(高血压,52.1%;糖尿病,20.7%)和亚洲患者(高血压46.1%,糖尿病,20.9%)中最为流行。在高收入国家(HICs),大血管粥样硬化和小血管疾病更经常成为中风的原因,而在中低收入国家(LMICs),"其他确定的中风 "和 "未确定的中风 "更多。

此外,中低收入国家的患者更年轻,有较少的血管危险因素。尽管如此,与高收入国家的患者相比,中低收入国家的患者3个月内死亡风险显著升高(OR=2.49;95%CI:1.42-4.36)。

综上,该研究提示中低收入国家和高收入国家之间在年轻成人中风病因及结果存在差异。

 

参考文献:

Global Differences in Risk Factors, Etiology, and Outcome of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults—A Worldwide Meta-analysis The GOAL Initiative. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000013195

评论区 (5)
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    2022-05-31 lifestar

    #发病率#

    0

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    2022-04-02 李研东
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    2022-02-21 yinhl1978

    #Neurol#

    0

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    2022-02-15 未来将来

    学习了

    0

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    2022-02-15 仁术2021

    不错学习了。

    0

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